Improvement in emery polishing-wheels



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Letters Patent N 104,231, dated J line 14, 18:10.

IMPROVEMENT IN' EMERY POLISHING-WHEELS, 13cc.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all to whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WENDELL 1. TAN KLnnok, of Gbarlestown, in the countyof Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new andimproved Article for Griuding'and Polishing Purposes, consisting of aConcrete Emery-Wheel; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccom-' panying specimens and to the letters of reference markedthereon.

Emery-wbeels'for grinding and polishing purposes have heretofore beenmade of clay and emery, with a flux such as borax and litharge. Thesefusing materials are costly, which render the wheels composed thereofexpensive; and, from the action of these substances when in the fusedstate upon the clay and emery, the wheels'composed thereof are liable tobe reduced to a fused mass and wholly destroyed, which renders it a veryunreliable mixture for theproduction of wheels of large dimensions withsafety, therefore cannot be made universally practical.

The nature of myinvention consists in manufacturing concreteemery-wheels for. grinding and polishing vpurposes of a concretion orvitrescent earth, c'allcd granite, anda refractory or pyrousearth'called kaolin or mica, and a polishing powder, such as emery, bycombining these ingredient in the manner as hereinafter described, andsubjecting the wheels composed thereof to an intense heat. By the actionof this violent heat upon them they undergo in the tire a perfectpetrithetion, which renders them of the density and hardness requiredfor grinding and polishing purposes.

By the employment of granite and kaolin or mica. as the basis of acomposition for the production of emery-wheels, I form a mixture that issusceptive of pctn'faction, by subjecting to a strong heat, withoutinjury to the emery or the danger of destroying or in any way alteringthe form of the wheels, which enables me to produce emery-wheels oflarge dimensions with perfect safety; and, from the nature of thesematerials, the wheels are rendered of a density and hardness 'thatcannot be attained by the use of the composition heretofore made of claywith borax and litharge, preventing them from wearing away as fast inuse, therefore a larger amount of work can be accomplishedmith them thanwith .the wheels formerly employed.

A high degree of heat doesnot injure the cutting quality of the emery(as formerly supposed) when combined with materials that are-not of sofusible a nature as homer and litharge, but have found that a highdegree of heat improves its cutting quality; for, by this heat, it isrudered much harderthan it is found m its natural state, which hardnessprevents the cutting-edge of-the fine particles from dnlling as easily;hence a more durable and sharper;cutting-surface is imparted to thesewheels than can be produced by the use of the composition formerlyemployed in their production, enabling the grinding and polishingoperation to bc'pcrtbrmed in a more expeditious and thorough manner;and, from the nominal expense of the materials comprising the basis ofthis composition, it is rendered the most economical mixture overemployed in the production of solid emery-wheels, enabling me to produceemery-wheels of superior quality at a reduction of about one-halfin theexpense of the manuiltctured-article, which is thrown in furor of theconsumer.

To enable others skilled in the art to compound and use my invention,Iwill now proced to describe the process thereof.

I take the granite stone and reduce it to a; line powder, after which Imix it in equal parts, by weight, with kaolin or mica, by adding waterin sutiicicnt quantity to render the ingredients about the consistenceof soft paste, and thoroughly incorporate and blend.-

them in one mass. When this compound mass is formed 1 placeit in casesof wood or stone, which nmst be placed in a moist situation, where I.let it remain for two or three months, during which time a kind ofputrid ferment enters into the mixture, by which the parts of thedifferent matter combine and form a substance with new qualities,unknown while separate. This change shows itself bythe whole masschanging to-a dark brown or black color, with a fetid smell, and atcnacitylikc that of clay or any argillaceous moistened *arths. I

When the described qualities are found-in the matter, I add thepolishing powder, (emery,) of any desired number or grade, in equalparts, by weight, adding water, if necessary, to render the materialsofthe proper consistence, and thoroughly mix them in a -mass, after whichI form this mass in the form of wheels, and, when thoroughly dry,subject them to a heat of sutlicientintensity to produce a perfectpetrifilction. A I

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isA The production of concrete emery-wheels for grinding and polishingpurposes, using for that purpose the within-named concretion of earth orany other substantially the same, in the manner set forth and described.

WENDELL I. VAN KLEEOK. Witnesses:

Gno. W. BALLARD, F. B. Timon.

